Synthetic modelling is then performed to analyse the influence of the T e and Moho errors. The lithospheric flexure errors are derived mainly from the T e and Moho recovery errors in this lithospheric model. Here we adopt the classic lithospheric model with applied external and internal loads at the surface and Moho, respectively, and assume that the compensation material is denser than the mantle material beneath the Moho. However, the process for accurately recovering variable lithospheric flexure remains unresolved, as the classical lithospheric model may overestimate the deflection of the plate. The partial differential equation for the flexure of an orthotropic plate is used indirectly to calculate theoretical admittance and coherence, which are then compared against the observed admittance and coherence to invert for the non-uniform flexural rigidity (or effective elastic thickness, T e) of the plate. The lithosphere can be modelled as the flexure of a thin, elastic plate over long-term (> 10 5 yr) geological timescales. It is, therefore, critical to determine how the lithosphere responds to geological loads to better understand tectonic processes. Lithospheric deformation is a fundamental process in plate tectonics.
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